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Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Textbook |
| © 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
Chapter 1 Introduction: What Is Epilepsy?
Chapter 2 Overview: Epidemiology, Pathology, and Genetics
Chapter 3 Epilepsy: Historical Perspectives
Chapter 4 Sociocultural Perspectives
Chapter 5 Incidence and Prevalence
Chapter 6 Risk Factors
Chapter 7 The Natural History and Prognosis of Epilepsy
Chapter 8 Epidemiology of Acute Symptomatic Seizures
Chapter 9 Seizure Precipitants
Chapter 10 Mortality
Chapter 11 Epidemiology in Developing Countries
Chapter 12 General Neuropathology of Epilepsy
Chapter 13 Hippocampal Sclerosis
Chapter 14 Neuropathology of Developmental Disorders Associated with Epilepsy
Chapter 15 Genetic Epidemiology
Chapter 16 EEG Traits
Chapter 17 Genetic Diseases Associated with Epilepsy
Chapter 18 Genetics of Epilepsy Syndromes
Chapter 19 Genetic Counseling
Chapter 20 Overview: The Neurobiology of Epilepsy
Chapter 21 Control of Neuronal Excitability
Chapter 22 Excitatory Synaptic Transmission
Chapter 23 GABAA and GABAB Receptor-Mediated Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission
Chapter 24 Voltage-Gated Ion Channels: Molecular Biology and Role of Mutations in Epilepsy
Chapter 25 Inflammation
Chapter 26 Astroglial Mechanisms in Epilepsy
Chapter 27 Neuromodulation of Seizures, Epileptogenesis, and Epilepsy
Chapter 28 Gene Expression Underlying Changes in Network Excitability
Chapter 29 Neocortical Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 30 Limbic Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 31 Thalamocortical Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 32 Basal Ganglia and Brainstem Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 33 Development of Cortical Excitability
Chapter 34 Early Events in the Development of the Cerebral Cortex
Chapter 35 Synaptic Plasticity
Chapter 36 Animal Models of Acquired Epilepsies and Status Epilepticus
Chapter 37 Genetic Models of Epilepsy
Chapter 38 Epilepsy in Vitro: Electrophysiology and Computer Modeling
Chapter 39 Seizure Mechanisms and Vulnerability in the Developing Brain
Chapter 40 The Effect of Seizures on the Brain
Chapter 41 Basic Mechanisms of Human Epilepsy
Chapter 42 Overview: Phenomenology
Chapter 43 Classification of Epileptic Seizures
Chapter 44 Simple Motor Seizures
Chapter 45 Neocortical Sensory Seizures
Chapter 46 Limbic Seizures
Chapter 47 Generalized Tonic–Clonic Seizures
Chapter 48 Generalized Clonic and Hemiclonic Seizures
Chapter 49 Typical and Atypical Absence Seizures, Myoclonic Absences, and Eyelid Myoclonia
Chapter 50 Generalized Myoclonic Seizures and Negative Myoclonus
Chapter 51 Atonic and Myoclonic–Atonic Seizures
Chapter 52 Generalized Tonic Seizures
Chapter 53 Gelastic Seizures
Chapter 54 Epileptic Spasms
Chapter 55 Seizure Semiology in Infants with Localization-Related Epilepsy
Chapter 56 Neonatal Seizures
Chapter 57 Febrile Seizures
Chapter 58 Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus
Chapter 59 Complex Partial Status Epilepticus
Chapter 60 Absence Status Epilepticus
Chapter 61 Simple Partial Status Epilepticus and Epilepsia Partialis Continua of Kozhevnikov
Chapter 62 Myoclonic Status Epilepticus
Chapter 63 Febrile Status Epilepticus
Chapter 64 Acute Physiologic Changes, Morbidity, and Mortality of Status Epilepticus
Chapter 65 Long-Term Sequelae of Status Epilepticus
Chapter 66 Introduction to the Epilepsies
Chapter 67 Classification of the Epilepsies
Chapter 68 Differential Diagnosis
Chapter 69 Overview: Diagnostic Evaluation
Chapter 72 Physiologic Basis of the Electroencephalogram and Local Field Potentials
Chapter 73 Interictal Electroencephalography
Chapter 74 Ictal Electroencephalogram
Chapter 75 Electroencephalography in the Intensive Care Unit
Chapter 76 Electroencephalogram Mapping and Dynamic Analysis
Chapter 77 Polygraphic Recordings
Chapter 78 Electroencephalographic and Magnetoencephalographic Source Modeling
Chapter 79 Structural Neuroimaging
Chapter 80 Positron Emission Tomography
Chapter 81 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Chapter 82 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Chapter 83 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Chapter 84 Computational Anatomy
Chapter 85 Seizure Prediction
Chapter 86 Optical Imaging of Seizure Activity
Chapter 87 Microdialysis
Chapter 88 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Chapter 89 Cellular Imaging of Epilepsy
Chapter 90 Neuropsychology Evaluation – Adults
Chapter 91 Neuropsychological Evaluation—Children
Chapter 92 Options for Long-Term Monitoring
Chapter 93 The Epilepsy Monitoring Unit
Chapter 96 Overview: General Approaches to Treatment
Chapter 97 Indications for Treatment
Chapter 98 Goals of Therapy
Chapter 99 Broader Aspects of Treatment
Chapter 100 Quantitative Measures of Assessment
Chapter 101 Age-Related Considerations
Chapter 102 Pharmacokinetics
Chapter 103 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
Chapter 104 Efficacy of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 105 Dose-Related Side Effects
Chapter 106 Idiosyncratic Adverse Reactions
Chapter 107 Long-term Adverse Events
Chapter 108 General Principles: Teratogenicity of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 109 Neurodevelopmental Effects
Chapter 110 Drug–Drug Interactions
Chapter 111 Drug Treatment in Children
Chapter 112 Drug Treatment in Adolescents
Chapter 113 Gender Issues for Drug Treatment
Chapter 114 Drug Treatment in the Elderly
Chapter 115 Mechanisms of Drug Resistance
Chapter 116 Compliance
Chapter 117 Choice of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 118 Starting and Stopping Treatment
Chapter 119 Routine Monitoring for Safety and Tolerability During Chronic Treatment with Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 120 Rapid Substitution of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 121 Adjunctive and Combination Therapy
Chapter 122 Treatment of Single and Infrequent Seizures
Chapter 123 Treatment of Neonatal Seizures
Chapter 124 Treatment of Febrile Seizures
Chapter 125 Treatment of Provoked Seizures
Chapter 126 Treatment of Status Epilepticus
Chapter 127 Drug-resistant Epilepsy
Chapter 128 Prophylactic Treatment
Chapter 129 Ketogenic Diet
Chapter 130 Sex-Hormone Treatment
Chapter 131 Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Chapter 132 Behavioral Therapies
Chapter 133 Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies
Chapter 134 New Therapeutic Directions
Chapter 135 Overview: Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 136 Cellular Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 137 Basic Principles of Medicinal Chemistry
Chapter 138 Molecular Targets for Novel Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 139 Screening of New Compounds and the Role of the Pharmaceutical Industry
Chapter 140 Clinical Trials of Antiepileptic Drugs in Adults and Children
Chapter 141 Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics
Chapter 142 The Role of the Food and Drug Administration
Chapter 143 The Role of European Regulatory Agencies
Chapter 144 Adrenocorticotropic Hormone and Steroids
Chapter 145 Benzodiazepines
Chapter 146 Carbamazepine
Chapter 147 Ethosuximide
Chapter 148 Felbamate
Chapter 149 Gabapentin
Chapter 150 Lamotrigine
Chapter 151 Levetiracetam
Chapter 152 Oxcarbazepine
Chapter 153 Phenobarbital and Other Barbiturates
Chapter 154 Phenytoin, Fosphenytoin, and Other Hydantoins
Chapter 155 Pregabalin
Chapter 156 Primidone
Chapter 157 Rufinamide
Chapter 158 Tiagabine
Chapter 159 Topiramate
Chapter 160 Valproate
Chapter 161 Vigabatrin
Chapter 162 Zonisamide
Chapter 163 Trimethadione, Paraldehyde, Phenacemide, Bromides, Sulthiame, Acetazolamide, and Methsuximide
Chapter 165 Immunoglobulin and Immunomodulatory Therapy
Chapter 166 Overview: Surgical Therapy
Chapter 167 Indications and Criteria for Surgical Intervention
Chapter 168 Surgically Remediable Syndromes
Chapter 169 Presurgical Evaluation: General Principles and Methods
Chapter 170 Foramen Ovale and Peg Electrodes
Chapter 171 Intracranial Electrodes
Chapter 172 Intraoperative Electrocorticography
Chapter 173 Intraarterial Amobarbital Procedures
Chapter 174 Intraoperative Functional Mapping
Chapter 175 Extraoperative Functional Mapping
Chapter 176 Anterior Temporal Resection
Chapter 177 Neocortical Resections
Chapter 178 Multilobar Resections and Hemispherectomy
Chapter 179 Lesionectomy: Management of Substrate-directed Epilepsies
Chapter 180 Corpus Callosotomy
Chapter 181 Reoperation for Medically Refractory Epilepsy
Chapter 182 Multiple Subpial Transections and Other Interventions
Chapter 183 Outcome Measures
Chapter 184 Pre-/Postoperative Rehabilitation
Chapter 185 Special Considerations for Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery
Chapter 186 Overview: Clinical Biology of Epilepsy
Chapter 187 Chronobiology
Chapter 188 Sleep
Chapter 189 Sudden Death in Epilepsy
Chapter 190 Autonomic Disturbances
Chapter 191 Comorbidity in Adults
Chapter 192 Comorbidity and Immunizations in Children
Chapter 193 Procedures and Anesthesia in Patients with Epilepsy
Chapter 194 Hormone Changes in Epilepsy
Chapter 195 Effects of Hormones on Seizure Expression
Chapter 196 Disorders of Reproduction and Fertility
Chapter 197 Sexuality in Epilepsy
Chapter 198 Pregnancy and the Mother with Epilepsy
Chapter 199 Overview: Psychiatric Issues
Chapter 200 Neurobiology of Behavioral Disorders
Chapter 201 Cognitive Side Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 202 Learning Disorders
Chapter 203 Personality Disorders in Epilepsy
Chapter 204 Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses
Chapter 205 Affective Disorders
Chapter 206 Anxiety Disorders
Chapter 207 Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures and Epilepsy
Chapter 208 Psychiatric Side Effects of Antiepileptic Drugs
Chapter 209 Psychiatry and Surgical Treatment
Chapter 210 Psychiatric Disorders in Children
Chapter 211 Suicide: Incidence, Psychopathology, Pathogenesis, and Prevention
Chapter 212 Disorders of Impulse Control
Chapter 213 Psychiatry and Residential Care
Chapter 214 Psychopharmacology of Patients with Behavior Disorders and Epilepsy
Chapter 215 Overview: Social Issues
Chapter 216 Social Aspects: Epilepsy Stigma and Quality of Life
Chapter 217 Disruptions in Social Functioning and Services Facilitating Adjustment for the Child and the Adult
Chapter 218 Maximizing School Functioning and the School-to-work Transition
Chapter 219 The Range of Needs and Services in Vocational Rehabilitation
Chapter 220 Issues in Health Outcomes Assessment
Chapter 221 Legal Concerns and Effective Advocacy Strategies
Chapter 222 Overview: Neonatal Syndromes
Chapter 223 Benign Familial Neonatal Seizures and Benign Idiopathic Neonatal Seizures
Chapter 224 Early Myoclonic Encephalopathy (Neonatal Myoclonic Encephalopathy)
Chapter 225 Ohtahara Syndrome
Chapter 226 Overview: Syndromes of Infancy and Early Childhood
Chapter 227 Benign Familial and Nonfamilial Seizures
Chapter 228 Migrating Partial Seizures In Infancy
Chapter 229 West Syndrome
Chapter 230 Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy in Infancy (Dravet Syndrome)
Chapter 231 Idiopathic Myoclonic Epilepsy in Infancy
Chapter 232 Epilepsy with Myoclonic Astatic Seizures
Chapter 233 Hemiconvulsion-Hemiplegia-Epilepsy Syndrome
Chapter 234 Myoclonic Status in Nonprogressive Encephalopathy
Chapter 235 Overview: Syndromes of Late Childhood and Adolescence
Chapter 236 Benign Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes
Chapter 237 Early-onset Benign Childhood Occipital Epilepsy (Panayiotopoulos Type)
Chapter 238 Late-onset Childhood Occipital Epilepsy (Gastaut Type)
Chapter 239 Childhood and Juvenile Absence Epilepsies
Chapter 240 Epilepsy with Myoclonic Absences
Chapter 241 Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
Chapter 242 Landau-Kleffner Syndrome and CSWS
Chapter 243 Rasmussen’s Encephalitis (Chronic Focal Encephalitis)
Chapter 244 Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Chapter 245 Overview: Non–Age-Related and Special Syndromes
Chapter 246 Anatomic Classification of Focal Epilepsies
Chapter 247 Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis
Chapter 248 Familial Temporal Lobe Epilepsies
Chapter 249 Familial Frontal Lobe Epilepsies
Chapter 250 Hypothalamic Hamartoma with Gelastic Seizures
Chapter 251 Localization-related Epilepsies Due to Specific Lesions
Chapter 252 Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies
Chapter 253 Posttraumatic Seizures
Chapter 254 Isolated Seizures
Chapter 255 Familial Partial (Focal) Epilepsy With Variable Foci
Chapter 256 Generalized (Genetic) Epilepsy with Febrile Seizures Plus
Chapter 257 Reflex Seizures
Chapter 258 Overview: Diseases Associated With Epilepsy
Chapter 259 Malformations of Cortical Development
Chapter 260 Chromosomal Abnormalities
Chapter 261 Inherited Metabolic Disorders
Chapter 262 Mitochondrial Diseases
Chapter 263 Cerebral Palsy
Chapter 264 Neoplastic Diseases
Chapter 265 Infection and Inflammatory Diseases
Chapter 266 Connective Tissue Diseases
Chapter 267 Electrolyte, Sporadic Metabolic, and Endocrine Disorders
Chapter 268 Alcohol and Drug Abuse
Chapter 269 Disorders of Pregnancy
Chapter 270 Overview: Disorders That Can Be Confused with Epilepsy
Chapter 271 Syncope
Chapter 272 Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders Resembling Seizures
Chapter 273 Systemic Nonepileptic Paroxysmal Disorders From Neonatal to Childhood Periods
Chapter 274 Migraine
Chapter 275 Cerebrovascular Disorders
Chapter 276 Sleep Disorders
Chapter 277 Myoclonus and Myoclonic Syndromes
Chapter 278 Movement Disorders
Chapter 279 Sensory Disorders
Chapter 280 Nonepileptic Neurologic Paroxysmal Disorders and Episodic Symptoms in Infants
Chapter 281 Overview: Psychiatric Disturbances
Chapter 282 Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures
Chapter 283 Episodic Dyscontrol
Chapter 284 Dissociative Disorders
Chapter 285 Panic Disorder and Hyperventilation Syndrome
Chapter 286 Obsessive-compulsive Behavior
Chapter 287 Nonaffective Psychoses, Schizophrenia, and Schizophrenia-like Psychoses
Chapter 288 Overview: Delivery of Health Care and Socioeconomic Issues
Chapter 289 Brazil
Chapter 290 Canada
Chapter 291 China
Chapter 292 Germany
Chapter 293 India
Chapter 294 Japan
Chapter 295 Nigeria
Chapter 296 Saudi Arabia
Chapter 297 Senegal
Chapter 298 United Kingdom
Chapter 299 United States
Chapter 300 Zambia
Chapter 301 Comparison of Different Systems and the Burden of Epilepsy
Chapter 302 Comprehensive Epilepsy Programs—United States
Chapter 303 Comprehensive Epilepsy Programs—Norway*
Chapter 304 Comprehensive Epilepsy Programs—Japan
Chapter 305 Residential Epilepsy Centers—United Kingdom
Chapter 306 Comprehensive Epilepsy Centers—The Netherlands
Chapter 307 Economic Aspects of Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Treatment
Chapter 308 The Economic Impact of Epilepsy
Chapter 309 Information Transfer and Education